Common opening mistakes at 1400–1599 Elo — and how to punish them
Lichess players rated 1400–1599 (the 1400s band; roughly ≈950–1250 on Chess.com). For every opening we teach: the share of them who reach it and then make a mistake or blunder on the lines we teach within the first 11 moves, ranked highest first, with the costliest slip and our answer to it. How we measure.
68% of Lichess players rated 1400–1599 who reach the Vienna Gambit make a mistake or blunder on the lines we teach within the first 10 moves (1.9M games, a lower bound).
69 openings, ranked for the 1400s
| # | Opening | Make a mistake | Costliest slip | Punish it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vienna GambitC29 · for White | 68%within 10 moves · 1.9M games | 3…exf4 42.4% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: d5the answer: 4.e5 Ng8 5.Nf3 |
| 2 | King's GambitC30 · for White | 53%within 9 moves · 17M games | 2…Nc6 23.4% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: exf4the answer: 3.Nf3 d6 4.d3 |
| 3 | Budapest GambitA52 · for Black | 43%within 11 moves · 885K games | 3.d5 19.7% play itMistake | their better move: dxe5the answer: 3…Bb4+ 4.Bd2 a5 |
| 4 | Scotch GameC45 · for White | 37%within 10 moves · 13M games | 5…Nf6 21.6% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Qf6the answer: 6.e5 Qe7 7.Be3 |
| 5 | Semi-Slav DefenseD43 · for Black | 37%within 10 moves · 770K games | 7.e3 33% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: e4the answer: 7…b5 8.a4 Bb4 |
| 6 | Scandinavian DefenseB01 · for Black | 27%within 10 moves · 56M games | 2.e5 15.9% play itMistake · wins a pawn · verified d30 | their better move: exd5the answer: 2…c5 3.d4 cxd4 |
| 7 | Scotch GambitC44 · for White | 24%within 10 moves · 3.1M games | 5…dxc3 64.7% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Nf6the answer: 6.Bxf7+ Kxf7 7.Qd5+ |
| 8 | Italian GameC50 · for White | 22%within 10 moves · 59M games | 3…Nd4 5.4% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Bc5the answer: 4.Nxd4 exd4 5.O-O |
| 9 | Petrov DefenseC42 · for Black | 22%within 11 moves · 22M games | 3.Bc4 18.5% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Nxe5the answer: 3…Nxe4 4.Nxe5 d5 |
| 10 | Alekhine's DefenseB02 · for Black | 21%within 10 moves · 6.5M games | 2.Nf3 7.9% play itMistake · wins a pawn | their better move: e5the answer: 2…Nxe4 3.Bc4 d5 |
| 11 | French DefenseC00 · for Black | 20%within 11 moves · 15M games | 5.Bb5 16.8% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Nf3the answer: 5…Qa5 6.Bxc6+ bxc6 |
| 12 | Two Knights DefenseC55 · for Black | 20%within 10 moves · 20M games | 8.Ba4 47.6% play itMistake | their better move: Bd3the answer: 8…h6 9.Nf3 e4 |
| 13 | Modern BenoniA60 · for Black | 20%within 10 moves · 246K games | 4.dxe6 13.9% play itMistake | their better move: Nc3the answer: 4…fxe6 5.Nc3 d5 |
| 14 | Smith-Morra GambitB21 · for White | 19%within 10 moves · 1.9M games | 4…e5 10.3% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Nc6the answer: 5.Bc4 Nf6 6.Nf3 |
| 15 | Sicilian Wing GambitB20 · for White | 18%within 6 moves · 399K games | 2…e6 12% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: cxb4the answer: 3.bxc5 Bxc5 4.d4 |
| 16 | Four Knights GameC47 · for White | 17%within 10 moves · 16M games | 5…Nxd4 43.3% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Bb4the answer: 6.Qxd4 d6 7.Bf4 |
| 17 | Ruy Lopez ExchangeC68 · for White | 16%within 10 moves · 2.9M games | 5…Nf6 14.3% play itMistake · wins a pawn | their better move: Bg4the answer: 6.Nxe5 Bd6 7.Nf3 |
| 18 | Caro-Kann Panov AttackB14 · for White | 16%within 10 moves · 515K games | 5…Bf5 20.7% play itMistake · wins a pawn · verified d30 | their better move: e6the answer: 6.Qb3 Qb6 7.cxd5 |
| 19 | Marshall AttackC89 · for Black | 15%within 11 moves · 132K games | 6.c3 13.1% play itMistake · wins a pawn · verified d30 | their better move: Re1the answer: 6…Nxe4 7.Re1 Nc5 |
| 20 | Modern DefenseB06 · for Black | 14%within 10 moves · 16M games | 3.e5 25.5% play itMistake · wins a pawn | their better move: Nc3the answer: 3…d6 4.f4 dxe5 |
| 21 | Benko GambitA57 · for Black | 12%within 10 moves · 166K games | 4.Nc3 11.6% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: cxb5the answer: 4…b4 5.Nb1 e6 |
| 22 | Traxler CounterattackC57 · for Black | 11%within 7 moves · 766K games | 5.O-O 6.2% play itMistake | their better move: Nxf7the answer: 5…O-O 6.d3 d5 |
| 23 | Caro-Kann DefenseB10 · for Black | 11%within 10 moves · 37M games | 2.Bc4 10.3% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: d4the answer: 2…d5 3.exd5 cxd5 |
| 24 | Tarrasch DefenseD32 · for Black | 9%within 10 moves · 596K games | 4.Bf4 6% play itMistake | their better move: cxd5 |
| 25 | Slav DefenseD15 · for Black | 8%within 10 moves · 7.9M games | 3.c5 4% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Nf3 |
| 26 | English OpeningA10 · for White | 8%within 10 moves · 25M games | 2…c6 5.4% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Nf6 |
| 27 | Bishop's OpeningC23 · for White | 7%within 10 moves · 38M games | 3…Nf6 22.7% play itMistake · wins a pawn · verified d30 | their better move: Nc6the answer: 4.Nxe5 O-O 5.d4 |
| 28 | Evans GambitC51 · for White | 7%within 10 moves · 1.2M games | 5…Nxb4 20.1% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: a6the answer: 6.a5 Bc5 7.c3 |
| 29 | London SystemD00 · for White | 7%within 11 moves · 224M games | 1…e5 6.6% play itMistake · wins a pawn · verified d30 | their better move: Nf6the answer: 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 |
| 30 | Pirc DefenseB07 · for Black | 6%within 10 moves · 18M games | 3.e5 7.6% play itMistake · wins the queen | their better move: Nc3the answer: 3…dxe5 4.dxe5 Qxd1+ |
| 31 | Ruy LopezC60 · for White | 5%within 10 moves · 29M games | 4…a6 14.6% play itMistake · wins a pawn · verified d30 | their better move: Nxe4the answer: 5.Bxc6 dxc6 6.Nxe5 |
| 32 | Caro-Kann AdvanceB12 · for White | 5%within 10 moves · 7.4M games | 4…c5 3.8% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: e6 |
| 33 | French TarraschC03 · for White | 4%within 10 moves · 419K games | 4…cxd4 6.8% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: exd5 |
| 34 | French WinawerC15 · for Black | 3%within 10 moves · 522K games | 5.Be3 7.2% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: a3 |
| 35 | Sicilian NajdorfB90 · for Black | 3%within 11 moves · 1.7M games | 7.Nf5 10.9% play itMistake | their better move: Nb3the answer: 7…d5 8.Bg5 d4 |
| 36 | Grünfeld DefenseD80 · for Black | 3%within 10 moves · 459K games | 5.c5 3.1% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: cxd5 |
| 37 | King's Indian DefenseE60 · for Black | 3%within 11 moves · 2.6M games | 6.e5 24.8% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Be2the answer: 6…dxe5 7.fxe5 Nfd7 |
| 38 | Danish GambitC21 · for White | 2%within 3 moves · 4.2M games | 3…d6 2.3% play itMistake | their better move: Qe7 |
| 39 | Philidor DefenseC41 · for Black | 2%within 10 moves · 33M games | 4.d5 4% play itMistake · wins a pawn | their better move: Nc3the answer: 4…Nxe4 5.Bd3 Nf6 |
| 40 | Vienna GameC25 · for White | 2%within 10 moves · 17M games | 3…Bb4 6% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Nf6the answer: 4.Qh5 g6 5.Qf3 |
| 41 | Accelerated DragonB35 · for Black | 2%within 11 moves · 1.4M games | 8.Qd2 21.5% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Bb3the answer: 8…Ng4 9.Nxc6 dxc6 |
| 42 | Sicilian vs Anti-SiciliansB50 · for Black | 1%within 10 moves · 92M games | 3.d4 13.6% play itMistake · wins a pawn · verified d30 | their better move: e5the answer: 3…Nxe4 4.Bd3 d5 |
| 43 | Sicilian AlapinB22 · for White | 1%within 10 moves · 4.4M games | 5…dxc3 17.9% play itBlunder · wins material · verified d30 | their better move: Nc6the answer: 6.Qxd5 cxb2 7.Bxb2 |
| 44 | King's Indian AttackA05 · for White | 1%within 10 moves · 27K games | 8…Bd7 10.3% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: e5the answer: 9.e5 Nd5 10.Qe2 |
| 45 | Queen's Gambit ExchangeD35 · for White | 1%within 10 moves · 624K games | 6…Bf5 3.7% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: h6the answer: 7.Bxf6 Bxf6 8.Qb3 |
| 46 | Sicilian KanB41 · for Black | 1%within 10 moves · 526K games | 6.e5 8.4% play itMistake · wins a pawn | their better move: Nc3the answer: 6…Qa5+ 7.Nc3 Qxe5+ |
| 47 | Réti OpeningA04 · for White | 1%within 11 moves · 462K games | 4…e5 4.3% play itMistake | their better move: g6 |
| 48 | Sicilian TaimanovB44 · for Black | 1%within 10 moves · 1.6M games | 9.a3 20.7% play itBlunder · wins a piece | their better move: f3the answer: 9…Nxe4 10.Qd3 Nxc3 |
| 49 | Queen's Gambit AcceptedD20 · for Black | 1%within 10 moves · 13M games | 4.Bg5 5.4% play itMistake | their better move: e3 |
| 50 | Colle SystemD05 · for White | 1%within 10 moves · 2.8M games | 6…c4 16.8% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: b6the answer: 7.Bc2 Bd6 8.e4 |
| 51 | Trompowsky AttackA45 · for White | <1%within 10 moves · 1.3M games | 5…c5 6% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: Bb4the answer: 6.e5 Qd8 7.d5 |
| 52 | Sicilian MoscowB51 · for White | <1%within 10 moves · 922K games | 6…O-O-O 3.6% play itMistake · verified d30 | their better move: d5the answer: 7.d4 cxd4 8.cxd4 |
| 53 | Nimzo-Indian DefenseE20 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 1.4M games | 6.d5 5.9% play itMistake | their better move: dxc5 |
| 54 | French AdvanceC02 · for White | <1%within 10 moves · 9.4M games | 7…Nge7 16.3% play itMistake | their better move: Na5the answer: 8.Bxc4 dxc4 9.Nxc4 |
| 55 | Sicilian ScheveningenB80 · for Black | <1%within 11 moves · 186K games | 9.Be2 6.1% play itMistake | their better move: O-O-Othe answer: 9…b4 10.Na4 d5 |
| 56 | Torre AttackA46 · for White | <1%within 9 moves · 5.4M games | 8…Bg4 23.3% play itMistake | their better move: Nc6the answer: 9.h3 Bxf3 10.Qxf3 |
| 57 | Bogo-Indian DefenseE11 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 172K games | 6.Bxb4 3.5% play itMistake | their better move: e3 |
| 58 | Dutch DefenseA80 · for Black | <1%within 9 moves · 3.5M games | 6.h3 6.4% play itMistake · wins material | their better move: e3the answer: 6…dxc4 7.e4 fxe4 |
| 59 | Queen's Indian DefenseE12 · for Black | <1%within 11 moves · 110K games | 6.b4 3.9% play itMistake | their better move: cxd5 |
| 60 | Classical SicilianB56 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 627K games | 9.Nd5 10.6% play itMistake · wins a pawn | their better move: Re1the answer: 9…Nxe4 10.Nd2 Nf6 |
| 61 | Sicilian DragonB70 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 657K games | 9.Qd2 13.5% play itMistake · wins a pawn | their better move: Be3the answer: 9…Nxe4 10.Nxe4 Nxd4 |
| 62 | Sicilian RossolimoB30 · for White | <1%within 10 moves · 2.8M games | 7…exd5 15% play itMistake | their better move: Nxd5the answer: 8.d4 c4 9.b3 |
| 63 | Queen's Gambit DeclinedD30 · for Black | <1%within 11 moves · 5.5M games | 6.Qb3 2.2% play itMistake | their better move: e3 |
| 64 | Catalan OpeningE01 · for White | <1%within 10 moves · 74K games | 7…b5 24.3% play itMistake · wins material | their better move: Rb8the answer: 8.Ne5 Nxe5 9.Bxa8 |
| 65 | Leningrad DutchA87 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 6.9K games | — | — |
| 66 | Closed SicilianB23 · for White | <1%within 10 moves · 6.3M games | — | — |
| 67 | Sicilian SveshnikovB33 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 939K games | — | — |
| 68 | Ruy Lopez BerlinC65 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 5.3M games | — | — |
| 69 | Open Ruy LopezC80 · for Black | <1%within 10 moves · 81K games | — | — |
Shares are of Lichess blitz, rapid, classical games in this band that reached each opening’s root position; every reply is graded against Stockfish at depth 20 with the game review’s labels and close calls re-graded at depth 30; each figure is a lower bound. 69 of 70 openings are measured at this level. Reply data mined 2026-09-02.
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